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INT338 — Network-Based Multimedia

Assignment 1

Question 1: Using your own words, describe what “multimedia” is.

Multimedia refers to content that uses a combination of different forms of
media — such as text, images, audio, video, animations, and interactive
content — to convey information or provide entertainment. It enhances the
user experience by engaging multiple senses and presenting information in
dynamic, versatile ways.

Question 2: What are the multimedia components?

The main components of multimedia are:

• Text: Written content providing information or context.
• Images: Still pictures or graphics to support or explain the content.
• Audio: Sound, music, or spoken words to enhance engagement.
• Video: Moving visuals combining images and audio to present dynamic
  content.
• Animation: Simulated movement created by displaying a sequence of
  images.
• Interactivity: User-controlled elements like buttons or hyperlinks.

Question 3: Identify three novel multimedia networking applications.

Discuss why you think these are novel and their potential impact.

1. Virtual Reality (VR) Meetings:

   • These provide immersive environments for remote collaboration, making it
     feel like participants are in the same room. The impact is improved
     communication and engagement.

2. Cloud Gaming:

   • Services like NVIDIA GeForce Now stream games over the Internet, removing
     the need for high-end hardware. This democratizes gaming by making it
     accessible to users with less powerful devices.

3. AI-Powered Content Creation:

   • Applications like Synthesia create videos using AI avatars, saving time on
     filming and editing. This innovation can revolutionize education,
     marketing, and entertainment.

Question 4: What are the benefits of compression?

• Reduced file size: Saves storage and bandwidth.
• Faster transmission: Speeds up data transfer over networks.
• Efficient streaming: Enables smooth playback of multimedia content.
• Cost savings: Lowers storage and hosting costs.

Question 5: What is meant by the terms static media and dynamic media?

Give two examples of each type of media.

• Static media: Content that does not change or move (e.g., text, images).
• Dynamic media: Content that changes or moves (e.g., video, audio).

Question 6: Search several definitions of the word “multimedia”

in literature and discuss how they combine information coming from different media.

Multimedia definitions generally agree that it involves combining various
forms of content to convey a message. For example, one definition describes
it as “the integration of text, graphics, sound, video, and animation into a
single, interactive application.” The common theme is that multimedia blends
multiple content types to improve understanding, engagement, and user
experience.

Question 7: True or false (circle the correct answer, T or F):

• ✅ T Interactive voice traffic (e.g. a voice call over the Internet)
  generally requires a small and constant delay.

• ❌ F The Internet layered model includes the Network layer, Transport
  layer, and Session layer.

  • Correction: The Internet model consists of Application, Transport,
    Internet, and Link layers.

• ❌ F A web browser, such as Firefox or Internet Explorer, would normally
  implement an entire TCP/IP stack (all layers).

  • Correction: It mainly operates at the Application layer.

• ❌ F DNS stands for Data Networking System.

  • Correction: DNS stands for Domain Name System.

• ❌ F Multimedia are not interactive programs.

  • Correction: Many multimedia applications are interactive.

• ❌ F The size of the bitmap image is smaller than the vector image.

  • Correction: Bitmap images are usually larger due to pixel storage.

Question 8: Identify and explain the meaning of the key QoS parameters

associated with the following network types:

1. Circuit-switched:

   • Bandwidth: Fixed, dedicated capacity for the connection.
   • Latency: Consistent and low due to dedicated paths.
   • Reliability: High, as the circuit remains intact throughout the
     session.

2. Packet-switched:

   • Throughput: Amount of data transmitted successfully over time.
   • Latency: Varies based on network congestion.
   • Jitter: Variation in packet arrival times.
   • Packet loss: Some packets may be lost or arrive out of order.

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